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A patient has complained that she is suffering from insomnia, and has difficulties in concentrating at work in the morning. Which of the following medication is NOT used for insomnia?
A.
Zolpidem
B.
Ramelteon
C.
Bupropion
D.
Lemborexant
Psychiatry
Pharmacology
3265
51%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is correct about Metformin?
A.
Metformin should be taken empty stomach before evening meal
B.
Metformin may cause renal failure
C.
Metformin has higher hypoglycaemic risk than Sulphonylurea
D.
Metformin may cause diarrhea
Endocrine
Pharmacology
3269
43%
What does this mean?
A 52-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension and chronic kidney disease presents with a sudden onset of severe pain and swelling in his right big toe. He mentions that he has experienced similar episodes in the past. His family history is significant for his father having had the same condition. After evaluation, he is diagnosed with gout. The patient inquires about the mechanism of action of colchicine, which has been prescribed to manage his condition. Which of the following best describes the therapeutic action of colchicine in treating gout?
A.
Increases renal excretion of uric acid.
B.
Inhibits leukocyte migration and activity.
C.
Promotes breakdown of urate crystals.
D.
Enhances immune response to inflammation.
Musculoskeletal
Pharmacology
676
24%
What does this mean?
What is the most concerning about Paracetamol / Acetaminophen overdose?
A.
Bleeding
B.
Bronchospasm
C.
Hypocalcemia
D.
Hepatotoxicity
Pain
Pharmacology
4354
91%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is NOT used in asthma exacerbation?
A.
Roflumilast
B.
Oxygen
C.
MgSO4
D.
System steroid
Respiratory
Pharmacology
Pathology
3333
35%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is correct about ACE inhibitor?
A.
It can cause hypokalemia
B.
It is safe to use in pregnancy
C.
It can cause dry cough
D.
It is the same as angiotensin receptor blocker
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
3516
75%
What does this mean?
A 15-year-old patient who overdosed on paracetamol 30 minutes ago, and now has just arrived in the emergency department. Which should you perform FIRST?
A.
Gastric lavage
B.
Start an IV Dextrose 5%
C.
Administer acetylcysteine orally
D.
Administer activated charcoal
Acute Medicine
Nursing
2928
26%
What does this mean?
Antipsychotics can cause hyperprolactinemia. Which of the following is a typical presentation of hyperprolactinemia?
A.
Oligomenorrhea
B.
Hot flushes
C.
Agitation
D.
Hypotension
Urology
Psychiatry
Pharmacology
Pathology
2400
57%
What does this mean?
A 65-year-old male cancer patient is prescribed with an oral opioid medication. Which of the following opioid medication is the most potent?
A.
Morphine
B.
Fentanyl
C.
Codeine
D.
Oxycodone
Oncology
Pain
Pharmacology
1856
47%
What does this mean?
Which of the following medication is an example of sulphonylurea?
A.
Metformin
B.
Empagliflozin
C.
Glipizide
D.
Liraglutide
Endocrine
Pharmacology
2723
60%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is a common side effect of topical corticosteroids used in dermatology?
A.
Hypertrichosis
B.
Xeroderma
C.
Photosensitivity
D.
Peripheral edema
Dermatology
Pharmacology
2174
20%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is NOT an effective measure for reducing cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus?
A.
High protein diet
B.
Low salt diet
C.
Control of blood pressure
D.
Low dose aspirin
Endocrine
Pathology
2345
60%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is NOT an expected finding in patients with cystic fibrosis?
A.
Trouble breathing
B.
Sudden weight gain
C.
Loose or oily stools
D.
Positive sweat test
Respiratory
Diagnosis
3044
61%
What does this mean?
What is the most common cause of chronic pain?
A.
Nociceptive pain
B.
Neuropathic pain
C.
Psychogenic pain
D.
Idiopathic pain
Pain
Pathology
Public Health
2505
20%
What does this mean?
Which of the following pairs are NOT correct?
A.
SABA - Terbutaline
B.
LABA - Olodaterol
C.
SAMA - Ipratropium
D.
LAMA - Ciclesonide
Respiratory
Pharmacology
1901
39%
What does this mean?
Which of the following glucocorticoid is the strongest relatively?
A.
Triamcinolone
B.
Hydrocortisone
C.
Prednisolone
D.
Dexamethasone
Endocrine
Pharmacology
2065
47%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is intermediate-acting insulin?
A.
Lispro
B.
Regular
C.
Detemir
D.
NPH
Endocrine
Pharmacology
3061
42%
What does this mean?

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A 65-year-old male patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath and increased sputum production. The patient is hypoxemic with an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. The healthcare provider decides to start the patient on a beta-2 agonist bronchodilator. Which of the following medications would be the best choice for this patient?
A.
Albuterol
B.
Salmeterol
C.
Epinephrine
D.
Formoterol
Acute Medicine
Respiratory
Pharmacology
1067
45%
What does this mean?
An oncologist has prescribed Capecitabine for a patient diagnosed with colon cancer. Which of the following is a key side effect of Capecitabine?
A.
Fluid retention
B.
Hemorrhagic cystitis
C.
Hand-foot syndrome
D.
Pulmonary toxicity
Oncology
Pharmacology
1602
29%
What does this mean?
A patient has been sent to your hospital after a right-sided cerebrovascular accident. You are performing a neurological assessment on this patient, which of the following signs or symptoms would require immediate attention?
A.
Loss of bladder control
B.
Altered sensation to stimuli
C.
Decrease in level of consciousness
D.
Emotional instability
Neurology
Disease Management
Nursing
2313
70%
What does this mean?
Which of the following hormone can cause an increase in testosterone levels in males?
A.
Estrogen
B.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
C.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D.
Progesterone
Endocrine
Biochemistry
1672
41%
What does this mean?
Which of the following antiepileptic agents can cause visual field loss?
A.
Vigabatrin
B.
Topiramate
C.
Lamotrigine
D.
Brivaracetam
Neurology
Pharmacology
3015
27%
What does this mean?
A 58-year-old male with a history of epilepsy is admitted to the hospital after experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure. His current medication regimen includes oral phenytoin, which needs to be switched to intravenous administration due to his current NPO (nil per os) status. When preparing to administer intravenous phenytoin to this patient, which of the following practices should the nurse follow?
A.
Administer the drug undiluted at a rapid rate.
B.
Infuse through a 0.22-micron in-line filter.
C.
Co-administer with intravenous calcium to prevent hypocalcemia.
D.
Premix the medication with a dextrose-containing solution.
Neurology
Pharmacology
582
26%
What does this mean?
Which part of the eye is responsible for color vision?
A.
The iris
B.
The cornea
C.
The retina
D.
The optic nerve
Ophthalmology
Anatomy
Physiology
1911
56%
What does this mean?
Which of the following patient is at the most significant risk for developing hypertension?
A.
43-year-old Asian maths teacher
B.
47-year-old Hispanic nurse
C.
58-year-old African-American doctor
D.
48-year-old Caucasian bus driver
Cardiovascular
Public Health
2285
58%
What does this mean?
Which of the following statement is correct about Metformin?
A.
Weight gain is a common side effect
B.
It can be used in patients with severe renal impairment
C.
Discontinuation of metformin is needed before IV contrast
D.
It can be used for treating T1 and T2 diabetes
Endocrine
Pharmacology
2876
46%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is at the highest risk to receive a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan?
A.
Pacemaker implant
B.
Allergic to shellfish
C.
On antipsychotic medication
D.
Claustrophobia
Cardiovascular
Medical Imaging
2169
76%
What does this mean?
Which of the following types of hepatitis will NOT cause chronic infection?
A.
Hepatitis A
B.
Hepatitis B
C.
Hepatitis C
D.
Hepatitis D
Infection
Pathology
2366
63%
What does this mean?
After commencing on a medication, a patient complained that his urine turned into pink color. Which of the following medication is likely to cause this side effect?
A.
Nefopam
B.
Metformin
C.
Famotidine
D.
Phenytoin
Pain
Pharmacology
2241
26%
What does this mean?
A 27-year-old female patient with a history of type 1 diabetes presents to the emergency department with complaints of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain for the past 24 hours. She has missed her insulin injections for the past two days due to a busy work schedule. Vital signs reveal a heart rate of 110 beats per minute, blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation of 98% on room air. Physical examination shows dry oral mucosa and rapid, deep breathing. Laboratory tests reveal a blood glucose level of 450 mg/dL, arterial pH of 7.20, and bicarbonate level of 10 mmol/L. What is the most appropriate initial treatment for this patient?
A.
Intravenous insulin bolus
B.
Intravenous sodium bicarbonate
C.
Intravenous fluids
D.
Intravenous potassium chloride
Endocrine
Disease Management
Diagnosis
2315
37%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is INCORRECT about Warfarin?
A.
It is used for stroke prevention
B.
It can increase risk of bleeding
C.
It is safe to use in pregnancy
D.
It has a narrow therapeutic index
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
2555
72%
What does this mean?
Which of the following pairs are NOT correct?
A.
Bromhexine - Expectorant
B.
Codeine - Antitussive
C.
Dextromethorphan - Antitussive
D.
Guaifenesin - Expectorant
Respiratory
Pharmacology
2502
34%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is responsible for the regulation of breathing rate and depth?
A.
Pons
B.
Medulla Oblongata
C.
Cerebellum
D.
Thalamus
Respiratory
Physiology
1364
54%
What does this mean?
What dietary restriction is recommended for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) to manage their condition?
A.
Low protein diet
B.
High protein diet
C.
High salt diet
D.
High potassium diet
Renal Disease
Nutrition
1808
57%
What does this mean?

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Which of the following is the most common site for a DEXA scan to assess bone mineral density?
A.
Hip
B.
Elbow
C.
Shoulder
D.
Knee
Bone/Joint
Medical Imaging
2480
72%
What does this mean?
A 67-year-old male patient with a history of smoking presents with sudden severe pain and swelling in his left knee. Physical examination revealed a red, warm, and tender knee joint. Laboratory tests show elevated white blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. X-ray shows a joint effusion with soft tissue swelling. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A.
Osteoarthritis
B.
Gout
C.
Ankylosing spondylitis
D.
Septic arthritis
Musculoskeletal
Diagnosis
1783
47%
What does this mean?
A heart failure patient is on digoxin therapy. What should you monitor in patients taking digoxin?
A.
Chloride
B.
Sodium
C.
Calcium
D.
Potassium
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
3428
65%
What does this mean?
A patient is diagnosed with C difficile infection due to the overuse of antibiotics. What is the suggested first-time treatment for the initial episode of C difficile infection?
A.
PO vancomycin
B.
PO fidaxomicin
C.
PO metronidazole
D.
PO Clindamycin
Infection
Pharmacology
1334
12%
What does this mean?
A 54-year-old male patient with a history of chronic alcoholism presents to the clinic with complaints of recurrent abdominal pain and bloating for the past 6 months. He reports a recent weight loss of 5 kg and has noticed that his stools are paler than usual. On examination, the patient has mild jaundice and an enlarged liver. Which of the following tests would be most useful in diagnosing the underlying condition in this patient?
A.
Fecal occult blood test
B.
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
C.
Viral hepatitis serology
D.
Liver function tests
Liver Disease
Diagnosis
1165
71%
What does this mean?
A patient has been diagnosed with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. The doctor prescribed evolocumab for this patient. What is the class of this antilipemic agent?
A.
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
B.
Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
C.
PCSK9 inhibitor
D.
Bile acid sequestrant
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
1646
51%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that triggers an acute asthma exacerbation?
A.
Hot, dry weather
B.
Physical exercise
C.
Upper respiratory infection
D.
Tobacco smoke
Respiratory
Pathology
2467
71%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is the most suitable treatment for acute gout?
A.
Allopurinol
B.
Probenecid
C.
Febuxostat
D.
Colchicine
Bone/Joint
Pharmacology
1848
48%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is the correct about Scopolamine patch?
A.
Max time is 24 hours per patch
B.
Do not cut the patch
C.
Apply behind your ear
D.
It blocks 5HT3 receptor
Gastrointestinal
Pharmacology
2063
34%
What does this mean?
What is the advantages of liposomal Amphotericin B over conventional Amphotericin B?
A.
Less nephrotoxicity risk
B.
Broader antifungal coverage
C.
Better safety profile in pregnancy
D.
Less electrolyte abnormalities
Infection
Pharmacology
2167
58%
What does this mean?
When using benzodiazepine and opioids together, it can significantly increase the risk of which of the following side effects?
A.
Weight gain
B.
Hyperkalemia
C.
Hypotension
D.
Respiratory depression
Pain
Psychiatry
Pharmacology
2699
80%
What does this mean?
Which of the following population is contraindicated for combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills?
A.
Family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus
B.
Glaucoma
C.
Aged over 35 years and smoking more than 15 cigarettes per day
D.
Risk of Ovarian cancer
Endocrine
Pharmacology
2629
49%
What does this mean?
Which medication can be used for the acute treatment of hypertension in pregnant women?
A.
Labetalol
B.
Lisinopril
C.
Valsartan
D.
Furosemide
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
3372
73%
What does this mean?
Which of the following chemotherapy is an alkylating agent?
A.
Gemcitabine
B.
Vincristine
C.
Etoposide
D.
Ifosfamide
Oncology
Pharmacology
1992
25%
What does this mean?
A 68-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents to the emergency department with acute onset of severe chest pain, diaphoresis, and shortness of breath. His EKG shows ST-segment elevation. You understand that these symptoms are most indicative of:
A.
Pulmonary embolism
B.
Congestive heart failure
C.
Acute myocardial infarction
D.
Hypovolemic shock
Cardiovascular
Diagnosis
372
87%
What does this mean?
A 56-year-old male with a past medical history of alcoholism presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain, jaundice, and ascites. On examination, his liver span is enlarged, and he has palpable hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory studies reveal elevated serum bilirubin, prolonged prothrombin time, and decreased serum albumin. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
B.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
C.
Cirrhosis
D.
Acute hepatitis
Liver Disease
Diagnosis
1583
72%
What does this mean?
A 51-year-old female patient has diabetes mellitus, and she completed surgery yesterday and is put on NPO for 2 days. The patient presented as confused and shaky. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A.
Hypoglycemia
B.
Anesthesia reaction
C.
Hypertension
D.
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Endocrine
Surgery
Diagnosis
1640
67%
What does this mean?

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Which of the following is useful for Parkinson's disease?
A.
Levodopa
B.
Donepezil
C.
Levetiracetam
D.
Vigabatrin
Neurology
Pharmacology
2881
87%
What does this mean?

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What is autoinduction in carbamazepine metabolism?
A.
An increase in carbamazepine dose leads to decreased metabolism and higher serum levels.
B.
Carbamazepine induces its own metabolism, leading to decreased serum levels over time.
C.
Carbamazepine inhibits the metabolism of other drugs that share the same enzymes, leading to increased serum levels of those drugs.
D.
Autoinduction is not relevant to carbamazepine metabolism.
Neurology
Pharmacology
452
0%
What does this mean?
A 42-year-old patient diagnosed with hypertension has started treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following is the electrolyte impact of this medication?
A.
Hypernatremia
B.
Hyperkalemia
C.
Hypercalcemia
D.
Hypermagnesemia
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
4820
29%
What does this mean?
Atypical bacteria are bacteria that do not get colored by gram-staining but rather remain colorless. Which of the following antibiotics CANNOT cover atypical bugs?
A.
Doxycycline
B.
Clarithromycin
C.
Moxifloxacin
D.
Augmentin
Infection
Pharmacology
3055
46%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is under the class of broad-spectrum penicillin?
A.
Penicillin V
B.
Amoxicillin
C.
Oxacillin
D.
Penicillin G
Infection
Pharmacology
4257
55%
What does this mean?
A 46 year old lady has been newly diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes with a HbA1C level of 7.8%. What of the following medications is usually used for first-line treatment of T2DM?
A.
Insulin
B.
Glipizide
C.
Metformin
D.
Linagliptin
Endocrine
Pharmacology
4430
87%
What does this mean?
Which of the following drug is NOT part of standard triple therapy?
A.
Pantoprazole
B.
Amoxicillin
C.
Clarithromycin
D.
Famotidine
Gastrointestinal
Pharmacology
4078
74%
What does this mean?
Which of the following lab test is used to determine if the patients have a blood clotting condition?
A.
INR
B.
D-Dimer
C.
aPTT
D.
ABO typing
Hematology
Biochemistry
3341
34%
What does this mean?
A 25 year-old patient is diagnosed with schizophrenia. After beginning a new medication treatment, she feels it is more difficult to move her muscle. Which drugs are likely to cause this side effect?
A.
Haloperidol
B.
Paliperidone
C.
Lithium
D.
Midazolam
Psychiatry
Pharmacology
4956
52%
What does this mean?
Which of the following antihyperlipidemic works by binding to bile acid in the intestine?
A.
Fenofibrate
B.
Simvastatin
C.
Cholestyramine
D.
Niacin
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
4376
64%
What does this mean?

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A patient has complained that she is suffering from insomnia, and has difficulties in concentrating at work in the morning. Which of the following medication is NOT used for insomnia?
A.
Zolpidem
B.
Ramelteon
C.
Bupropion
D.
Lemborexant
Psychiatry
Pharmacology
3265
51%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is correct about Metformin?
A.
Metformin should be taken empty stomach before evening meal
B.
Metformin may cause renal failure
C.
Metformin has higher hypoglycaemic risk than Sulphonylurea
D.
Metformin may cause diarrhea
Endocrine
Pharmacology
3269
43%
What does this mean?
A 52-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension and chronic kidney disease presents with a sudden onset of severe pain and swelling in his right big toe. He mentions that he has experienced similar episodes in the past. His family history is significant for his father having had the same condition. After evaluation, he is diagnosed with gout. The patient inquires about the mechanism of action of colchicine, which has been prescribed to manage his condition. Which of the following best describes the therapeutic action of colchicine in treating gout?
A.
Increases renal excretion of uric acid.
B.
Inhibits leukocyte migration and activity.
C.
Promotes breakdown of urate crystals.
D.
Enhances immune response to inflammation.
Musculoskeletal
Pharmacology
676
24%
What does this mean?
What is the most concerning about Paracetamol / Acetaminophen overdose?
A.
Bleeding
B.
Bronchospasm
C.
Hypocalcemia
D.
Hepatotoxicity
Pain
Pharmacology
4354
91%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is NOT used in asthma exacerbation?
A.
Roflumilast
B.
Oxygen
C.
MgSO4
D.
System steroid
Respiratory
Pharmacology
Pathology
3333
35%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is correct about ACE inhibitor?
A.
It can cause hypokalemia
B.
It is safe to use in pregnancy
C.
It can cause dry cough
D.
It is the same as angiotensin receptor blocker
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
3516
75%
What does this mean?
A 15-year-old patient who overdosed on paracetamol 30 minutes ago, and now has just arrived in the emergency department. Which should you perform FIRST?
A.
Gastric lavage
B.
Start an IV Dextrose 5%
C.
Administer acetylcysteine orally
D.
Administer activated charcoal
Acute Medicine
Nursing
2928
26%
What does this mean?
Antipsychotics can cause hyperprolactinemia. Which of the following is a typical presentation of hyperprolactinemia?
A.
Oligomenorrhea
B.
Hot flushes
C.
Agitation
D.
Hypotension
Urology
Psychiatry
Pharmacology
Pathology
2400
57%
What does this mean?
A 65-year-old male cancer patient is prescribed with an oral opioid medication. Which of the following opioid medication is the most potent?
A.
Morphine
B.
Fentanyl
C.
Codeine
D.
Oxycodone
Oncology
Pain
Pharmacology
1856
47%
What does this mean?
Which of the following medication is an example of sulphonylurea?
A.
Metformin
B.
Empagliflozin
C.
Glipizide
D.
Liraglutide
Endocrine
Pharmacology
2723
60%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is a common side effect of topical corticosteroids used in dermatology?
A.
Hypertrichosis
B.
Xeroderma
C.
Photosensitivity
D.
Peripheral edema
Dermatology
Pharmacology
2174
20%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is NOT an effective measure for reducing cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus?
A.
High protein diet
B.
Low salt diet
C.
Control of blood pressure
D.
Low dose aspirin
Endocrine
Pathology
2345
60%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is NOT an expected finding in patients with cystic fibrosis?
A.
Trouble breathing
B.
Sudden weight gain
C.
Loose or oily stools
D.
Positive sweat test
Respiratory
Diagnosis
3044
61%
What does this mean?
What is the most common cause of chronic pain?
A.
Nociceptive pain
B.
Neuropathic pain
C.
Psychogenic pain
D.
Idiopathic pain
Pain
Pathology
Public Health
2505
20%
What does this mean?
Which of the following pairs are NOT correct?
A.
SABA - Terbutaline
B.
LABA - Olodaterol
C.
SAMA - Ipratropium
D.
LAMA - Ciclesonide
Respiratory
Pharmacology
1901
39%
What does this mean?
Which of the following glucocorticoid is the strongest relatively?
A.
Triamcinolone
B.
Hydrocortisone
C.
Prednisolone
D.
Dexamethasone
Endocrine
Pharmacology
2065
47%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is intermediate-acting insulin?
A.
Lispro
B.
Regular
C.
Detemir
D.
NPH
Endocrine
Pharmacology
3061
42%
What does this mean?

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A 65-year-old male patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath and increased sputum production. The patient is hypoxemic with an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. The healthcare provider decides to start the patient on a beta-2 agonist bronchodilator. Which of the following medications would be the best choice for this patient?
A.
Albuterol
B.
Salmeterol
C.
Epinephrine
D.
Formoterol
Acute Medicine
Respiratory
Pharmacology
1067
45%
What does this mean?
An oncologist has prescribed Capecitabine for a patient diagnosed with colon cancer. Which of the following is a key side effect of Capecitabine?
A.
Fluid retention
B.
Hemorrhagic cystitis
C.
Hand-foot syndrome
D.
Pulmonary toxicity
Oncology
Pharmacology
1602
29%
What does this mean?
A patient has been sent to your hospital after a right-sided cerebrovascular accident. You are performing a neurological assessment on this patient, which of the following signs or symptoms would require immediate attention?
A.
Loss of bladder control
B.
Altered sensation to stimuli
C.
Decrease in level of consciousness
D.
Emotional instability
Neurology
Disease Management
Nursing
2313
70%
What does this mean?
Which of the following hormone can cause an increase in testosterone levels in males?
A.
Estrogen
B.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
C.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D.
Progesterone
Endocrine
Biochemistry
1672
41%
What does this mean?
Which of the following antiepileptic agents can cause visual field loss?
A.
Vigabatrin
B.
Topiramate
C.
Lamotrigine
D.
Brivaracetam
Neurology
Pharmacology
3015
27%
What does this mean?
A 58-year-old male with a history of epilepsy is admitted to the hospital after experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure. His current medication regimen includes oral phenytoin, which needs to be switched to intravenous administration due to his current NPO (nil per os) status. When preparing to administer intravenous phenytoin to this patient, which of the following practices should the nurse follow?
A.
Administer the drug undiluted at a rapid rate.
B.
Infuse through a 0.22-micron in-line filter.
C.
Co-administer with intravenous calcium to prevent hypocalcemia.
D.
Premix the medication with a dextrose-containing solution.
Neurology
Pharmacology
582
26%
What does this mean?
Which part of the eye is responsible for color vision?
A.
The iris
B.
The cornea
C.
The retina
D.
The optic nerve
Ophthalmology
Anatomy
Physiology
1911
56%
What does this mean?
Which of the following patient is at the most significant risk for developing hypertension?
A.
43-year-old Asian maths teacher
B.
47-year-old Hispanic nurse
C.
58-year-old African-American doctor
D.
48-year-old Caucasian bus driver
Cardiovascular
Public Health
2285
58%
What does this mean?
Which of the following statement is correct about Metformin?
A.
Weight gain is a common side effect
B.
It can be used in patients with severe renal impairment
C.
Discontinuation of metformin is needed before IV contrast
D.
It can be used for treating T1 and T2 diabetes
Endocrine
Pharmacology
2876
46%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is at the highest risk to receive a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan?
A.
Pacemaker implant
B.
Allergic to shellfish
C.
On antipsychotic medication
D.
Claustrophobia
Cardiovascular
Medical Imaging
2169
76%
What does this mean?
Which of the following types of hepatitis will NOT cause chronic infection?
A.
Hepatitis A
B.
Hepatitis B
C.
Hepatitis C
D.
Hepatitis D
Infection
Pathology
2366
63%
What does this mean?
After commencing on a medication, a patient complained that his urine turned into pink color. Which of the following medication is likely to cause this side effect?
A.
Nefopam
B.
Metformin
C.
Famotidine
D.
Phenytoin
Pain
Pharmacology
2241
26%
What does this mean?
A 27-year-old female patient with a history of type 1 diabetes presents to the emergency department with complaints of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain for the past 24 hours. She has missed her insulin injections for the past two days due to a busy work schedule. Vital signs reveal a heart rate of 110 beats per minute, blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation of 98% on room air. Physical examination shows dry oral mucosa and rapid, deep breathing. Laboratory tests reveal a blood glucose level of 450 mg/dL, arterial pH of 7.20, and bicarbonate level of 10 mmol/L. What is the most appropriate initial treatment for this patient?
A.
Intravenous insulin bolus
B.
Intravenous sodium bicarbonate
C.
Intravenous fluids
D.
Intravenous potassium chloride
Endocrine
Disease Management
Diagnosis
2315
37%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is INCORRECT about Warfarin?
A.
It is used for stroke prevention
B.
It can increase risk of bleeding
C.
It is safe to use in pregnancy
D.
It has a narrow therapeutic index
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
2555
72%
What does this mean?
Which of the following pairs are NOT correct?
A.
Bromhexine - Expectorant
B.
Codeine - Antitussive
C.
Dextromethorphan - Antitussive
D.
Guaifenesin - Expectorant
Respiratory
Pharmacology
2502
34%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is responsible for the regulation of breathing rate and depth?
A.
Pons
B.
Medulla Oblongata
C.
Cerebellum
D.
Thalamus
Respiratory
Physiology
1364
54%
What does this mean?
What dietary restriction is recommended for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) to manage their condition?
A.
Low protein diet
B.
High protein diet
C.
High salt diet
D.
High potassium diet
Renal Disease
Nutrition
1808
57%
What does this mean?

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Which of the following is the most common site for a DEXA scan to assess bone mineral density?
A.
Hip
B.
Elbow
C.
Shoulder
D.
Knee
Bone/Joint
Medical Imaging
2480
72%
What does this mean?
A 67-year-old male patient with a history of smoking presents with sudden severe pain and swelling in his left knee. Physical examination revealed a red, warm, and tender knee joint. Laboratory tests show elevated white blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. X-ray shows a joint effusion with soft tissue swelling. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A.
Osteoarthritis
B.
Gout
C.
Ankylosing spondylitis
D.
Septic arthritis
Musculoskeletal
Diagnosis
1783
47%
What does this mean?
A heart failure patient is on digoxin therapy. What should you monitor in patients taking digoxin?
A.
Chloride
B.
Sodium
C.
Calcium
D.
Potassium
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
3428
65%
What does this mean?
A patient is diagnosed with C difficile infection due to the overuse of antibiotics. What is the suggested first-time treatment for the initial episode of C difficile infection?
A.
PO vancomycin
B.
PO fidaxomicin
C.
PO metronidazole
D.
PO Clindamycin
Infection
Pharmacology
1334
12%
What does this mean?
A 54-year-old male patient with a history of chronic alcoholism presents to the clinic with complaints of recurrent abdominal pain and bloating for the past 6 months. He reports a recent weight loss of 5 kg and has noticed that his stools are paler than usual. On examination, the patient has mild jaundice and an enlarged liver. Which of the following tests would be most useful in diagnosing the underlying condition in this patient?
A.
Fecal occult blood test
B.
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
C.
Viral hepatitis serology
D.
Liver function tests
Liver Disease
Diagnosis
1165
71%
What does this mean?
A patient has been diagnosed with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. The doctor prescribed evolocumab for this patient. What is the class of this antilipemic agent?
A.
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
B.
Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
C.
PCSK9 inhibitor
D.
Bile acid sequestrant
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
1646
51%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that triggers an acute asthma exacerbation?
A.
Hot, dry weather
B.
Physical exercise
C.
Upper respiratory infection
D.
Tobacco smoke
Respiratory
Pathology
2467
71%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is the most suitable treatment for acute gout?
A.
Allopurinol
B.
Probenecid
C.
Febuxostat
D.
Colchicine
Bone/Joint
Pharmacology
1848
48%
What does this mean?
Which of the following is the correct about Scopolamine patch?
A.
Max time is 24 hours per patch
B.
Do not cut the patch
C.
Apply behind your ear
D.
It blocks 5HT3 receptor
Gastrointestinal
Pharmacology
2063
34%
What does this mean?
What is the advantages of liposomal Amphotericin B over conventional Amphotericin B?
A.
Less nephrotoxicity risk
B.
Broader antifungal coverage
C.
Better safety profile in pregnancy
D.
Less electrolyte abnormalities
Infection
Pharmacology
2167
58%
What does this mean?
When using benzodiazepine and opioids together, it can significantly increase the risk of which of the following side effects?
A.
Weight gain
B.
Hyperkalemia
C.
Hypotension
D.
Respiratory depression
Pain
Psychiatry
Pharmacology
2699
80%
What does this mean?
Which of the following population is contraindicated for combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills?
A.
Family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus
B.
Glaucoma
C.
Aged over 35 years and smoking more than 15 cigarettes per day
D.
Risk of Ovarian cancer
Endocrine
Pharmacology
2629
49%
What does this mean?
Which medication can be used for the acute treatment of hypertension in pregnant women?
A.
Labetalol
B.
Lisinopril
C.
Valsartan
D.
Furosemide
Cardiovascular
Pharmacology
3372
73%
What does this mean?
Which of the following chemotherapy is an alkylating agent?
A.
Gemcitabine
B.
Vincristine
C.
Etoposide
D.
Ifosfamide
Oncology
Pharmacology
1992
25%
What does this mean?
A 68-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents to the emergency department with acute onset of severe chest pain, diaphoresis, and shortness of breath. His EKG shows ST-segment elevation. You understand that these symptoms are most indicative of:
A.
Pulmonary embolism
B.
Congestive heart failure
C.
Acute myocardial infarction
D.
Hypovolemic shock
Cardiovascular
Diagnosis
372
87%
What does this mean?
A 56-year-old male with a past medical history of alcoholism presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain, jaundice, and ascites. On examination, his liver span is enlarged, and he has palpable hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory studies reveal elevated serum bilirubin, prolonged prothrombin time, and decreased serum albumin. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
B.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
C.
Cirrhosis
D.
Acute hepatitis
Liver Disease
Diagnosis
1583
72%
What does this mean?
A 51-year-old female patient has diabetes mellitus, and she completed surgery yesterday and is put on NPO for 2 days. The patient presented as confused and shaky. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A.
Hypoglycemia
B.
Anesthesia reaction
C.
Hypertension
D.
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Endocrine
Surgery
Diagnosis
1640
67%
What does this mean?

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Which of the following is useful for Parkinson's disease?
A.
Levodopa
B.
Donepezil
C.
Levetiracetam
D.
Vigabatrin
Neurology
Pharmacology
2881
87%
What does this mean?

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Medical Question Bank

1577 Medical MCQs with Answers and Explanation. Login to attempt more questions.

What is autoinduction in carbamazepine metabolism?

A 42-year-old patient diagnosed with hypertension has started treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following is the electrolyte impact of this medication?

Atypical bacteria are bacteria that do not get colored by gram-staining but rather remain colorless. Which of the following antibiotics CANNOT cover atypical bugs?

Which of the following is under the class of broad-spectrum penicillin?

A 46 year old lady has been newly diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes with a HbA1C level of 7.8%. What of the following medications is usually used for first-line treatment of T2DM?

Which of the following drug is NOT part of standard triple therapy?

Which of the following lab test is used to determine if the patients have a blood clotting condition?

A 25 year-old patient is diagnosed with schizophrenia. After beginning a new medication treatment, she feels it is more difficult to move her muscle. Which drugs are likely to cause this side effect?

Which of the following antihyperlipidemic works by binding to bile acid in the intestine?

A patient has complained that she is suffering from insomnia, and has difficulties in concentrating at work in the morning. Which of the following medication is NOT used for insomnia?

Which of the following is correct about Metformin?

What is the most concerning about Paracetamol / Acetaminophen overdose?

Which of the following is NOT used in asthma exacerbation?

Which of the following is correct about ACE inhibitor?

A 15-year-old patient who overdosed on paracetamol 30 minutes ago, and now has just arrived in the emergency department. Which should you perform FIRST?

Antipsychotics can cause hyperprolactinemia. Which of the following is a typical presentation of hyperprolactinemia?

A 65-year-old male cancer patient is prescribed with an oral opioid medication. Which of the following opioid medication is the most potent?

Which of the following medication is an example of sulphonylurea?

Which of the following is a common side effect of topical corticosteroids used in dermatology?

Which of the following is NOT an effective measure for reducing cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus?

Which of the following is NOT an expected finding in patients with cystic fibrosis?

What is the most common cause of chronic pain?

Which of the following pairs are NOT correct?

Which of the following glucocorticoid is the strongest relatively?

Which of the following is intermediate-acting insulin?

An oncologist has prescribed Capecitabine for a patient diagnosed with colon cancer. Which of the following is a key side effect of Capecitabine?

A patient has been sent to your hospital after a right-sided cerebrovascular accident. You are performing a neurological assessment on this patient, which of the following signs or symptoms would require immediate attention?

Which of the following hormone can cause an increase in testosterone levels in males?

Which of the following antiepileptic agents can cause visual field loss?

Which part of the eye is responsible for color vision?

Which of the following patient is at the most significant risk for developing hypertension?

Which of the following statement is correct about Metformin?

Which of the following is at the highest risk to receive a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan?

Which of the following types of hepatitis will NOT cause chronic infection?

After commencing on a medication, a patient complained that his urine turned into pink color. Which of the following medication is likely to cause this side effect?

Which of the following is INCORRECT about Warfarin?

Which of the following pairs are NOT correct?

Which of the following is responsible for the regulation of breathing rate and depth?

What dietary restriction is recommended for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) to manage their condition?

Which of the following is the most common site for a DEXA scan to assess bone mineral density?

A heart failure patient is on digoxin therapy. What should you monitor in patients taking digoxin?

A patient is diagnosed with C difficile infection due to the overuse of antibiotics. What is the suggested first-time treatment for the initial episode of C difficile infection?

A patient has been diagnosed with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. The doctor prescribed evolocumab for this patient. What is the class of this antilipemic agent?

Which of the following is NOT a factor that triggers an acute asthma exacerbation?

Which of the following is the most suitable treatment for acute gout?

Which of the following is the correct about Scopolamine patch?

What is the advantages of liposomal Amphotericin B over conventional Amphotericin B?

When using benzodiazepine and opioids together, it can significantly increase the risk of which of the following side effects?

Which of the following population is contraindicated for combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills?

Which medication can be used for the acute treatment of hypertension in pregnant women?

Which of the following chemotherapy is an alkylating agent?

A 68-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents to the emergency department with acute onset of severe chest pain, diaphoresis, and shortness of breath. His EKG shows ST-segment elevation. You understand that these symptoms are most indicative of:

A 51-year-old female patient has diabetes mellitus, and she completed surgery yesterday and is put on NPO for 2 days. The patient presented as confused and shaky. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Which of the following is useful for Parkinson's disease?

What is autoinduction in carbamazepine metabolism?

A 42-year-old patient diagnosed with hypertension has started treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following is the electrolyte impact of this medication?

Atypical bacteria are bacteria that do not get colored by gram-staining but rather remain colorless. Which of the following antibiotics CANNOT cover atypical bugs?

Which of the following is under the class of broad-spectrum penicillin?

A 46 year old lady has been newly diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes with a HbA1C level of 7.8%. What of the following medications is usually used for first-line treatment of T2DM?

Which of the following drug is NOT part of standard triple therapy?

Which of the following lab test is used to determine if the patients have a blood clotting condition?

A 25 year-old patient is diagnosed with schizophrenia. After beginning a new medication treatment, she feels it is more difficult to move her muscle. Which drugs are likely to cause this side effect?

Which of the following antihyperlipidemic works by binding to bile acid in the intestine?

A patient has complained that she is suffering from insomnia, and has difficulties in concentrating at work in the morning. Which of the following medication is NOT used for insomnia?

Which of the following is correct about Metformin?

What is the most concerning about Paracetamol / Acetaminophen overdose?

Which of the following is NOT used in asthma exacerbation?

Which of the following is correct about ACE inhibitor?

A 15-year-old patient who overdosed on paracetamol 30 minutes ago, and now has just arrived in the emergency department. Which should you perform FIRST?

Antipsychotics can cause hyperprolactinemia. Which of the following is a typical presentation of hyperprolactinemia?

A 65-year-old male cancer patient is prescribed with an oral opioid medication. Which of the following opioid medication is the most potent?

Which of the following medication is an example of sulphonylurea?

Which of the following is a common side effect of topical corticosteroids used in dermatology?

Which of the following is NOT an effective measure for reducing cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus?

Which of the following is NOT an expected finding in patients with cystic fibrosis?

What is the most common cause of chronic pain?

Which of the following pairs are NOT correct?

Which of the following glucocorticoid is the strongest relatively?